A gem microscope (with darkfield lighting), a refractometer, a dichroscope, a spectroscope, a polarimeter - Total ~$4500, and a lot of experience - priceless!
Well you can avoid buying the microscope to begin if you buy a dark field loupe... It is a great instrument, nearly the only one I use everyday.
And of course: Dichroscope, loupe 10x and color filter to complete your field gemology kit.
Then a polariscope with its conoscope, a refractometer, a spectroscope, an UV box and a gemological microscope (with fiber optics, darkfield, bright field, immersion cell) will complete your station.
Identifying the gem is like identifying ingredients in a recipe. Learning the rest is like becoming a chef. There are so many treatments of gems like the new diffusion treatments that 99% of gemologists don't know how to test for. These can turn a $50 sapphire to look like a $1000 sapphire. Just knowing it is sapphire does not help much.
Rather than spend a ton of money on equipment, find an expert and either pay him or learn first then buy the stuff. Most of us bought the toys first and then realized how much we did not know. Everytime I go to Bangkok, I realize how much GIA did not teach me.
Scott
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